Evaluación de impacto de los proyectos de telecomunicaciones, relacionados con el acceso a Internet de banda ancha en el Perú

This paper analyzes the impact of the implementation of regional broadband projects promoted by the MTC and delivered in concession by ProInversión. It is demonstrated, using mainly variables from the National Household Survey (Enaho), that the interventions have a positive and significant impact on the well-being of the intervened population. It takes advantage of the fact that the broadband installation policy decision was implemented in different years for different regions and districts. This variation in policy management across time and space provides a potential instrument for identifying the causal effect of the intervention. Thus, to control unobserved time-invariant heterogeneity, panel data will be used, and an instrumental variable model will be estimated. To address the lack of district representativeness of the Enaho and possible serial correlation problems, standard errors are grouped at the district level using the generalization of White's (1980) robust covariance matrix. The results show that providing broadband increases the school pass rate between 18% and 33.2%, approximately. Likewise, total household income and per capita income experienced, on average, an increase of between 5.565% and 5.746%, respectively. Finally, it is shown that the percentage of people who wait hours to be attended to at a health post decreases by 63.4% and that the percentage of people who wait minutes increases by 55%.