Cumplimiento de la regulación y gobernanza de la fiscalización ambiental: análisis del derrame de petróleo en la bahía de Ventanilla, Perú

The governance of environmental enforcement seeks to ensure that the processes of environmental evaluation, supervision and enforcement, in the strict sense, verify compliance with the regulations and environmental commitments assumed by companies, to guarantee a better quality of life for citizens and responsible actions within the framework of sustainable development. As a result of the environmental emergency caused by the oil spill in the coastal area of the district of Ventanilla in Peru, the article evaluates whether the actions carried out by the Peruvian Environmental Evaluation and Enforcement Agency (OEFA, by its Spanish acronym) have the optimal conditions, according to the international framework, to achieve the objectives of an enforcement agency. To this end, three objectives are taken into account in the governance of environmental oversight: (i) to ensure that immediate measures are taken to address serious risks; (ii) to maintain sustained compliance with the law; and (iii) to ensure adequate prosecution of those who violate the rules.